Agricultural production in Russia, even together with the forestry and fisheries, accounts for only about 5% of GDP and added value produced in the country. In all developed and most rapidly developing countries of the world there is a process of synthesis of the scientific, industrial, economic and social policy in the form of innovative clusters. Russia also began to follow this path in the form of the «Industrial and agricultural regional clusters» (PARC) federal project. Russian first and for many years successfully running agro-industrial cluster is MORTADEL association of companies. Creation of regional agroindustrial clusters have to become agricultural economy sector general modernization direction in Russia. On their basis, it is possible to carry the country’s agriculture out of the prolonged systemic crisis very soon.

Past some years after collapse of the USSR, a party most members of which are regarded by country people as «swindlers» and «thieves» has come to power in Russia and remains there at present. Corruption, fraud and other criminal phenomena blossom in Russia, since there is no struggle against them. State machinery bureaucrats consume 40% of the GIP. Modernization of the country’s political and economic life is possible only through fundamental break of current public relations and taking new orientation on the basis of a combination of capitalist and socialist features.

Basic directions of the institutional change in the process of modernization of Russia’s post-industrial society are discussed on the basis of macroand microeconomics. Institutions set a system of incentives and direct activities of the subjects to respective channel, which reduces uncertainty
and makes the socio-economic environment more predictable. «Exchange» means a balance of interests of different society groups and sectors that manifests social acceptance of the distribution of resources and social products. System achievement of this goal in Russia consists in transition of its economy from the raw material export pattern to the innovative social-oriented type of development.

Russian economy modernization problems are to be solved on the basis of innovations and very soon, since it is vital for the increase of competitiveness of national economy and economy of domestic enterprises. Discussed in the article are issues related to modern development of business as well as most actual directions of development connected with innovations and integration processes. Reasons of unpreparedness of Russian entrepreneurship for innovative development are revealed. Governmental measures and directions of innovative development are critically analyzed, examples from foreign experience are provided for. Directions of development and increase of competitiveness of enterprises on the basis of innovations and integration are proposed.

Technological forecasting is a process of prediction future technological characteristics, their distribution in time and the rate at which technological parameters, attributes and capabilities change. An attempt is made in the paper to scrutinize the nature, history and practical application of technological forecasting, main methods and techniques currently used for these purposes, feasibility limits of each method, factors determining the choice of the most suitable method. Assessment is given to technological forecasting development prospects.

Discussed in the article is a model of an improved regulatory framework for credit institutions dealing with investment projects implementation of which will make it possible for business enterprises of various economy sectors whose activities are dependent on investment resources, such as small-scale and medium-scale as well as innovation business enterprises, to reach in the coming years an entirely different level of development.

Process approach is one of most effective ways of managing construction companies. Resulting from using models based on this approach, the company’s structure becomes flexible enough to quickly acquire the ability to get functionally and structurally tuned for specific projects. It is demonstrated in this article how to develop a process management model mechanism for a small-scale construction company.

A speculation on the transfer of bank liquidity is put forward. Substantiation of the relevance and necessity to study the topic is provided for. Materials on up-to-date bank liquidity management approaches are presented, a three-tier structure of the banking system liquidity management is developed. In addition, it is proved in the course of the analysis that the transfer of liquidity influences the banking sector financial position.

In regions of Russia who lag behind the national average both in pay and in economic development, the problem of raising living standards should be solved through a nation-wide program which would be believed by peoples of Russia regardless of ethnicity. It should include creation of jobs, leveling of wages, abolition of fees for education and for a significant portion of health services, reducing utility tariffs and prices for public transportation, introduction of an income-based progressive taxation system, improving law enforcement activities, etc. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of macroeconomic indicators of Russian economy in recent years.

Innovative development of contemporary RF oil industry enterprises and companies faces considerable difficulties. Main problems that hamper scientific and technological development and modernization of domestic oil companies are lack of demand for innovations, specific corporate
culture of these companies and the country’s scientific and technological politics. Situation with advanced domestic technologies in the industry and their long-lasting and efficient use by Russian enterprises and companies is examined.

Safety of transportation in Russia is subject to a variety of threats. Discussed in the article are characteristics of major threats to transportation security. State transportation policy directions that make it possible to ensure the security of cargo and passenger transportation are shown. A list
of activities and innovative risk management tools that provide for improved safety of railway transportation is proposed.

Today, Russia is not secured by the principal – the legal basis for the formation of a unified system of planning and links between federal and regional aspects, and the lack of systematic approach to planning at the state level affects the pace of economic development. Approved are only a few documents regulating work in certain areas of strategic planning, and these documents are often contradictory. Compulsory rules on mandatory components of the strategic, long-term, medium-term, and short-term planning for the country and for regions should be legislatively fixed.

Discussed in the article is substantiation of reasonable organizational decisions to be taken in the course of reforming Russian monopolies’ service companies in order to develop the environment of competition in their specialization sphere.

Organizational capacity is a company’s capability to introduce organizational innovations. The article reflects the diversity of approaches to the components of the organizational capacity of a company. Comparative analysis of the direct method, as well as indicator and qualitative methods of assessment of the organizational capacity of a company is carried out. Assessment of the methods and of their field of application is made on the basis of the resource concept. Problems associated with the methods are examined in the course of the theoretical analysis and directions of their solution are proposed.

Institutional and management structure of any sea port is a system of interaction between commercial enterprises engaged in cargo operations in port, a subsidiary of Rosmorport FSUE, Sea Port Authority and a number of services (immigration, customs and sanitary-veterinary). Institutional and management structure of some Russian Arctic sea ports is significantly different from the typical one resulting in management problems for these socially significant objects of the Russian Arctic. A plan is proposed to improve the organizational and administrative structure of these ports based on the use of domestic and international experience in port infrastructure management including effective cooperation between the state and the private business.

Mobile revolution took place at the beginning of XXI century resulting from which the mass media (MM) as mass communication means has first acquired an addition in the form of mobile Internet and then transformed into a new branch – mobile media. All that has changed the whole face of journalism. Classic forms of the profession have also actively transformed. A mobile journalism got born that made it possible for any person to participate on-line in creation of socially relevant information. Using the mobile technology, ordinary citizens have created an alternative to usual MM sample of the XX century, some new media empire. Usual MM (press, radio, television) where active interaction between information manufacturers and the audience is excluded were forced to change under pressure of new technologies and demands of the audience. Following the demand trends, Internet, initially stationary and then mobile, has emerged as global infrastructure of interactive communication.

Business organization strategic stability and competitiveness concepts are discussed. Relationships between competitiveness and strategic stability indicators are identified, their impact on innovative performance indices are investigated by means of correlation analysis. As a result, strong relationship between business organization strategic stability and competitiveness performance indices and the level of Russian economy innovative development are established.

The government-prepared «Strategy of socio-economic development of the Moscow Oblast up to 2025» is assessed, the need for scientific retrospective analysis of the role and purpose of the Moscow Oblast as a region that softens the impact of federal decisions on the development of the capital is stressed. Discussed in the article are the Moscow expansion stages. Briefly described are existing concepts of Moscow, as well as urban and territorial planning decisions, which were the basis for changing the borders of Moscow. Potential threats and opportunities of the long term Moscow region integrated development are shown along with ways to achieve the target indicators.

According to experience of countries with advanced market economy, particularly USA, successful development is possible only if centralized and individual planning approaches used are in harmony. Fundamental drawback of contemporary Russian strategic documents and long-lasting projects is that they are not subject to obligatory public discussion in scientific expertise communities and legislative bodies while depending on hidden decisions taken by executive power bodies.

This paper presents a new systematic approach to identifying main pyramid projections of business for main consumers of company’s products and services. Pyramid and matrix business concepts are introduced through which the consumers may assess the state of business of any industrial enterprise. Investigated in the article are factors and components of successful sales. Using the business matrix and pyramid, a new promising and consumer-directed approach to choosing the organization’s marketing activity directions is developed. The industrial enterprise component notion is defined along with the component’s main elements. A list of enterprise management and investment priority tasks is made.

Paper is devoted to the prospects of forming in Moscow an international financial center, the improvement of Russian legislation with regard to financial markets, taking into account the changes brought about by the global crisis, the formation of a coordinated system of regulating
financial markets, assessing the feasibility of establishing a single federal agency overseeing banks, insurance companies, an effective the judiciary; intensification of monetary and financial cooperation with leading foreign trade partners of Russia.

The need to transform the present Russian economics public administration mechanism relates to changes in the public administration’s object and subject as well as with the aims and tasks of rendering public services. Main principles of the new approach to the use of public administration
instruments are trust, approach to information, openness, responsibility, result, account for budget possibilities and consistency.

Examination of the Kazakhstan economy functioning results for the first year of the Customs Union existence proves that along with elimination of some barriers in the trade between the alliance participating countries, difficulties arose owing to disaccord in the tariff policy (particularly
related to railway transportation of goods), necessity to prepare new documents, etc., that negatively influence activities of Kazakhstan companies. In order to remove these difficulties, intensive mutual efforts should be taken by governmental authorities of all TC participating
countries, opinion of respective business communities having to be compulsorily taken into account.

The institution of philanthropy is an important part of any civil society. The article provides definition of a charity institution and stresses the important role of legislation in the development of philanthropy. Legislation in the field of philanthropy in the Russian Federation, including main
legal acts and the taxation system of non-governmental non-commercial organizations, are discussed. Essential tax deductions for charitable work lead to the emergence of patterns of tax evasion, including withdrawal of funds to offshore areas.

In many European countries, local authorities are largely independent of the central powers of the country and more dependent on the population that elects them. In the western housing and communal system, both private and public firms may work. In apartment buildings, management decisions are most often made within the framework of an association of tenants (a legal entity), while execution of the decisions are entrusted to a professional management companies under contracts. State-owned vertically integrated industry monopolies are rejected, competition is encouraged.

Small-scale entrepreneurship is not given sufficient attention on the part of the Russian Federation Government. Ways and instruments of maximum effective stimulation of this important business field are discussed. Lack of well-thought governmental policy is main problem in this respect.

Since the collapse of the USSR, the country’s oil extraction industry has suffered substantial transformations. Discussed in the article are the main transformations as well as regional structure of the industry, role of individual territories in the production along with their development factors
and prospects.

Knowledge, along with skills and abilities forms the concept of professional qualification. Knowledge management as function and type of enterprise management activities includes making the knowledge more practically valuable and creating an active learning environment. Acquisition and assimilation of new knowledge includes six steps discussed in the article: definition, acquisition, selection, storage, distribution, use, development and implementation.