Purpose: is to develop the main provisions of the concept of creating adaptive tools for the economic management system aimed at achieving a compromise between economic efficiency and social justice that arises during the gradual transformation of the economy to increase its efficiency.

Methods: the main study methods used in the preparation of this article were the fundamentals of the theory of strategic analysis systems, the program-target approach, methods of mathematical logic and set theory.

Results: is to identify the reasons for the discrepancy between the expected economic efficiency of the "distributive methods" of the market economy and the social conditions of the development of society, which was especially evident at the initial stage of reforms. The possibilities of building harmonization tools with the joint participation of the state and the population based on the formation of a long-term development strategy based on innovation and technology are shown. It is noted that it is impossible to harmonize effective economic development and ensure social justice in society without adopting and implementing a sustainable development strategy.

Conclusions and Relevance: the relationship between economic efficiency and social justice, the most important components of socioeconomic systems, is determined and regulated by the State. It is reflected by development tools based on the interaction of ruling forces within the political system that has developed in the country. The sustainability of socio-economic development is achieved through a compromise between the State, business and society. The proposed tools for harmonizing the economic interests of the State and business in order to achieve social justice are based on increasing the opportunities for involving progressive layers of civil society in public administration, in the selection and adjustment of the state's strategic policy.

Purpose: is to develop recommendations for ESG transformation of the university management system based on the diagnostics of the ESG maturity factors of higher education institutions and identification of ESG risks.

Methods: comprehensive consideration of environmental, social and management aspects in the context of general systems theory and the use of the interdisciplinary approach are key methodological features for research of the sustainable development concept and mechanisms of the management systems ESG transformation. The assessment of the sustainability of higher education institutions and the ESG maturity of their management systems was carried out using international and national rating systems that determine the level of compliance of university performance indicators with the achievement of sustainable development goals. For assessing the conditions and characteristics of the university's business processes, identifying ESG risks and developing recommendations for management system ESG transformation the authors used the process approach along with general scientific methods of research and visualization of information, SWOT analysis technologies.

Results: the diagnostics of ESG maturity factors of the management system of an educational institution of higher education and identification of ESG risks have performed. Taking into account the features of management systems in the field of higher education, recommendations for ESG transformation of management processes have proposed based on a typical process model of university management.

Conclusions and Relevance: ESG transformation of the management system in higher education today is not just following the ambitious goals of politicians or popular scientific trends, but one of the key factors of the university's competitiveness. The higher education institution ESG maturity, which determines the effectiveness of the management system ESG transformation, depends on the level of proficiency of the university administration representatives and all participants in the educational process in the relevant competencies, technologies for diagnostics, accounting and minimization of ESG risks, including environmental, social, managerial and regulatory, taking into account their interdisciplinary nature and the ability to design an organizational management structure based on the trends in reforming the education system as a whole.

Purpose: is to form the comprehensive understanding of the patterns of publication activity and the directions of scientific research on the problems of sustainable tourism development and sustainable tourism.

Methods: the research used methods of analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach, methods of bibliometric, statistical and content analysis of literary sources. The source of information was the Scopus and eLibrary databases. The depth of the study covers the period 2022–2023. To consider individual analytical sections, the depth of the study increased until the 1980s.

Results: the patterns of publication activity on the problems of sustainable tourism development and sustainable tourism are revealed by the number of publications by year, in the context of scientific journals, countries, research organizations, authors, keywords and thematic groups. The main directions of the development of scientific thought on the studied problem are shown. Special emphasis is placed on the analysis of publications by Russian scientists. Promising areas of scientific research on the problems of sustainable tourism development and sustainable tourism have been identified.

Conclusions and Relevance: the problems of sustainable tourism development and sustainable tourism are generating scientific interest from scientists from many countries of the world. The research is interdisciplinary in nature. Their topics are diverse and conditioned by the transformation of ideas about sustainable development and the role of tourism in the development of man, society and the state. In the context of regional studies, the focus of research has shifted from developed to developing countries. For a considerable period of time, the problems of sustainable tourism development in rural settlements remain relevant. The theme of ecotourism forms a stable interest. In recent years, the issues of sustainability research have become important: both from the point of view of the development of the tourism industry and from the point of view of the influence of tourism on the development of territories. As promising areas of research, the authors highlight the issues of human centrality in tourism, the study of which will contribute to a better understanding of the interdependence between the development of tourism and of human capital.

Purpose: is to develop the methodology for identifying long-term priorities for smart specialization in the regions and creating "transformational roadmap" for their implementation in the Russian context. This approach is designed to foster sustainable innovation ecosystems and achieve the country’s technological sovereignty.

Methods: the research is based on the comparative analysis of international experience in implementing regional innovation policies and smart specialization strategies in the EU, the USA, and China. The study employs qualitative, systemic, and structural-logical analysis methods. The proposed methodology draws on the experience of regional strategy development and a series of expert interviews with representatives of regional authorities.

Results: the authors propose the methodology for applying the smart specialization concept in the Russian regions, structured into four key stages: selecting smart specialization priorities, assessing regional potential for industry transformation, forming a portfolio of projects, and their implementation. Additionally, the study systematizes approaches to identifying the potential for smart transformation and selecting suitable projects within a region. Special attention is given to the process of "entrepreneurial discovery" and the development of "transformational roadmaps", which integrate both scientific and technological priorities and the unique characteristics of the regions.

Conclusions and Relevance: the proposed methodology enables Russian regions to systematically and structurally organize the process of defining innovation development priorities, aligning both with national strategic goals for technological leadership and local specificities. This contributes to the formation of sustainable innovation ecosystems, the integration of science, business, and government, and the achievement of technological sovereignty. The practical significance of the study lies in the applicability of the methodology for developing regional smart specialization strategies, which can serve as a foundation for long-term economic growth and national competitiveness in emerging markets.

Purpose: is to identify the degree of influence of innovation activity in the real sector of the economy on the economic security of the federal districts of the Russian Federation.

Methods: the research uses methods of scientific generalization, content analysis, statistical, correlation-regression and hierarchical cluster analysis, data processing, comparison and grouping, logical and graphical.

Results: the article analyzes the innovative activity of the real sector of the economy and illustrates the dual nature of the relationship between the economic security of the subjects of the Federal districts and the susceptibility of the economy to innovation. Using content analysis, the choice of a set of indicators is justified, on the basis of which the hierarchical cluster analysis method is used to group regions by the levels of the economic security and innovation activity. The assessment of the impact of innovation activity in the real sector of the economy on the economic security of the Federal districts has shown that there is the inverse relationship between economic security and innovation activity both in individual regions and in the Russian Federation as a whole. The strongest inverse relationship is observed in the regions of the North Caucasus, the Far East and the Volga region, the least in the Southern and the Ural Federal districts.

Conclusions and Relevance: at this stage of economic development, despite the emerging upward trends, innovation activity does not have a significant impact on the economic security of the subjects of the Federal districts in the short term. The uneven innovation activity of the real sector of the economy may create obstacles to solving problems in the future, as gaps in the levels of economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation may increase, which will increase the degree of risks and threats to the economic security. The revealed trend is characterized by the influence of the time factor on the final results of the indicators. As a result, innovations can act as real sources of comprehensive support for improving the economic security of regions in the long term.

Purpose: is to identify the reasons for the low level of innovation transfer to the economy of the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District (NCFD).

Methods: the methodological basis of the study was the theory of innovative development. Analytical, comparative, statistical, trend analysis and other methods were used. The operationalization of the methods used and the results obtained shows a high degree of reliability.

Results: the analysis of innovation activity in the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District showed its low level. The indicators of the district's innovation activity are noticeably lagging behind the Russian average today. Although the number of new production technologies used in the district's enterprises is increasing, this does not lead to fundamental changes in the region's economy. The process of materialization of patented inventions and utility models remains at an insufficient level. The volume of shipped innovative products is characterized by low indicators. As a result, the economy of the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District remains weak and ineffective, with the dominance traditional industries. The main reason this is the low degree of transfer of innovations into production, organizational and technological processes.

Conclusions and Relevance: the weak link in the system of organizing innovation activities in the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District is the lack of a systematic approach, including the introduction of innovations. Episodic activities do not bring the necessary results. To activate the processes of innovation development in the region, it is necessary to intensify the interaction between scientific circles, production sectors, government and financial structures, develop infrastructure and use various development institutions, adapt patents to business conditions, stimulate economic entities to use innovations more intensively. Such an approach will allow to reveal the innovative potential of the district's human capital, create high-tech sectors in the structure of the economy, increase competitiveness and create conditions for advanced innovative development of the North Caucasus Federal District.

Purpose: is to develop the model for comprehensive state support of enterprises in the agricultural sector, ensuring its rational structure and effective allocation of state budget resources, taking into account the rating of enterprises most in need of support, the priority of sub-sectors and allocated funds.

Methods: in the part of the study of quantitative indicators of state support for agricultural enterprises, statistical and comparative analysis was used, including a study of the structure and dynamics of the implemented measures. The model is based on the mathematical method, which involves several stages related to the evaluation of the effectiveness of the public financial support measures for agricultural enterprises by type of the measures, their usefulness in relation to specific subsectors of agriculture and individual enterprises that have received government support. To assess the extent of the impact of budget funding on the development of agricultural enterprises, statistical data of implemented programs of public financial support were used.

Results: the model of comprehensive system of state support for agricultural enterprises is proposed, which corresponds to priority areas of support and feasibility of investing in the specific enterprise. The idea of modelling is to approximate the cost structure for the implementation of support measures to the rational one. The model allows to evaluate the influence of the change in the relative weight of some parameter in the structure of state support on the general change of the parameter as a whole, thus ensuring an improvement of the efficiency of the entire agricultural sector.

Conclusions and Relevance: the recommended model is the theoretical basis for the formation of integrated state support to agricultural enterprises, allowing to define elements and depth of their necessary adjustment, leaving enough freedom for changing these values. To effectively implement the model in practice, it is advisable to provide its methodological tools that will make it possible to characterize the need for certain amounts of state support measures as for specific enterprises, and the individual regions. Such indicators will ensure the formation of ratings, which will allow to allocate funds under state support with the greatest efficiency.

Purpose: of the study is determining the prospects and conditions for the development of family entrepreneurship in modern Russia.

Methods: the study of the research subject area within the framework of systematic and interdisciplinary approaches was carried out using content and logical analysis of scientific and expert publications, as well as the use of general scientific methods of abstraction, generalization and classification and specialized techniques for processing and analyzing quantitative and qualitative data using expert and statistical methods.

Results: the relationships between the categories “family” and “economy” have been clarified. The mechanism of interaction of the family enterprise with the business environment of the national socio-economic system is analyzed. The state and tasks of institutionalization of the family enterprise are characterized. An empirical assessment of the dynamic and structural characteristics of the functioning of the family enterprises in the field of small and medium-sized enterprises has been carried out. The changes in the characteristics of the profile of the household behavior model in the areas of production and consumption of goods are analyzed including the identification of an increasing priority of private financing of educational services to increase the level of intellectual capital of families. The key trends in the development of family entrepreneurship have been identified. A conceptual approach to the identification of problem areas and the selection of priority areas for the development of family entrepreneurship is proposed.

Conclusions and Relevance: based on the analysis of the mechanism of interaction between family and economic institutions, the participation of the family enterprise in the reproductive process of the national economy is characterized. The values underlying family relations objectively contribute to strengthening the stability of the economy and the stability of society. The prospects for the development of family entrepreneurship depend to a certain extent on the institutionalization of the concept of "the family enterprise" in the Russian legislation. An empirical assessment of the structural and dynamic characteristics of the functioning of family entrepreneurship guides the development of necessary state support measures, taking into account the identified regional uneven saturation of the local economy with the family enterprises, which makes it possible to identify reserves and areas of growth for the potential of Russian family business.

Purpose: is to assess the cyclical nature of fiscal policy through the analysis of government debt, budget expenditures and tax rates on individual taxes for a group of countries belonging to the Eurasian Economic Union.

Methods: the methodological basis of the study was the concept of fiscal space, a systematic approach, and dynamic analysis. Regression analysis was performed using the least squares method on panel data. To assess the cyclical nature of fiscal policy, the fiscal variables are the growth rates of government spending and tax rates, the growth rate of real GDP serves as a measure of economic activity. The methods of economic and statistical analysis, scientific abstraction, analogies, scientific generalizations, and expert assessments were used.

Results: in the EAEU countries, a weak influence of the public debt level on economic growth has been revealed. The countercyclical nature of budget expenditures and tax rates has been confirmed over the considered time horizon, although most scientific papers confirm the procyclical nature of fiscal policy in emerging economies. The study showed that countries are fiscally countercyclical in terms of valueadded tax, corporate income tax, and personal income tax. The presented models on value-added tax show a very weak countercyclical nature.

Conclusions and Relevance: the estimates obtained indicate that, in general, the conclusion regarding the countercyclical nature of fiscal policy in the EAEU countries during the period under review, including regarding value added tax, is supported. The latter is primarily characterized by an acyclic pattern. One reason for this may be the nature and specifics of fiscal regulations. The level of public debt has only a minor impact on the dynamics of economic growth in this group of countries, due to its low volume and moderate growth. At the same time, institutional factors play a significant role. The results obtained can be used both in further studies of fiscal policy issues and in making policy decisions, especially in the context of forecasts of a long-term increase in debt and the need to increase government spending.

Purpose: is to assess the European Union's approach to strengthening technological sovereignty through the instruments of regulation of foreign direct investment (FDI) policy.

Methods: the study involved general scientific methods, including analysis, synthesis and comparison. Tables were used to systematize the presentation of the results. A graphical method was used to visualize the measurements.

Results: based on the analysis of economic, political and organizational factors that hinder ensuring technological sovereignty, the problems of regulating the general policy of the European Union in the field of foreign direct investment are identified. An assessment of the instruments is carried out. The weaknesses of the EU approach to regulating direct investment are shown to strengthen the Union's technological sovereignty.

Conclusions and Relevance: the study found that the current EU approach to FDI policy and the instruments used within it have insufficient impact on strengthening European technological sovereignty. To be more effective in attracting and distributing funding for strategically important projects, the EU focuses on promoting framework programs. However, the key barrier here is the limited overall budget. The political agenda of the EU aims to diversify partners, but their range is limited by national security considerations, which is unlikely to contribute to actual diversification. European control over mergers and acquisitions will probably reduce this type of investment to a minimum, but the construction of industrial enterprises, infrastructure facilities and other FDI that contribute to both the actual development of the host country and bring benefits to the investor are generally welcomed. Given the new conditions for FDI, one should not expect a large number of incoming investment flows to the EU, but their benefit for strengthening technological sovereignty will be greater.