Purpose: is to prove the relationship and mutual influence between the diffusion of industrial robotics and digital technologies, their synergy.

Methods: the paper uses modified models of innovations diffusion applied to describe the dynamics of robot density using the example of a number of countries (China, South Korea and Japan) taking into account the diffusion of advanced digital technologies (5G technologies, the Internet of Things, machine-to-machine interaction, cloud services, etc.) at enterprises. In addition, using regression dependencies, the influence of industrial robots spread in the electronics industry of these countries on the economic indicators of the industry is studied.

Results: studying the development and implementation of digital technologies at enterprises in the model of diffusion of robot density for a number of countries gave a better approximation to the original data than the basic logistic model. The use of such a modified model made it possible to forecast the robot density in countries depending on the scenarios of digital technology diffusion. Using regression models, the effect of introducing industrial robots in semiconductors, sensors and communication equipment production was estimated using the example of Japan, which confirms the presence of synergy between advanced digital technologies and industrial robotics.

Conclusions and Relevance: the results of the study confirm the presence of a large mutual influence, synergy of digital technologies and robotics. Advanced information and communication technologies increase the degree of robotization in developed countries, transfer human-robot interaction to a higher level, and open up new ways of using industrial robots in smart manufacturing. At the same time, the widespread use of industrial robotics in the electronics industry, in the production of communication equipment, semiconductors and printed circuit boards improves quality and efficiency, ensures the reliability and scalability of production.  

Purpose: development of an ESG transformation model for Russian universities that takes into account the environmental aspect of modernizing university activities based on the principles of sustainable development.

Methods: in the course of the research, a set of theoretical and empirical analysis methods was used, including logical method, abstraction, comparative analysis, rating method, SWOT analysis.

Results: a steady increase in the involvement of universities in addressing the sustainable development agenda has been identified, which is confirmed by data from the annual UI GreenMetric ranking of world universities. The dynamics of the rating positions of Russian universities, which are significantly inferior to foreign universities, is revealed. An analysis of the integration of ESG principles into the practice of EAEU universities has shown the leadership of Russian universities, as well as the priority attention of their leadership to social policy and education for sustainable development. Recommendations for the ESG transformation of Russian universities have been developed. Special emphasis is placed on the environmental component, which takes into account promising areas for integrating the principles of sustainable development into key areas of activity. This will contribute to solving the problems of institutional transformation in universities within the framework of the ESG ideology and on the basis of consolidating partnerships with key stakeholders.

Conclusions and Relevance: Russian universities, which share their responsibility for the well-being of humanity, remain the most important actor in all changes aimed at the progressive development of the society. The humanistic foundation of education and the human-centered concept of sustainable development consolidate the foundation for ESG transformations in the field of education, flexibly responding to the challenges of the external environment, including its natural and social components, as well as the economic demands of the country. The proposed model of ESG transformation of Russian universities, which takes into account the environmental aspect and is based on the principles of sustainable development, creates a conceptual basis for the formation of universities with a "green" mission.

Purpose: to reveal the concept of digital strategic planning and management (DSPM) as an institutional mechanism for the formation of a modern model of public administration in Russia.

Methods: the study employs a systemic approach integrating public administration, digital transformation, and strategic analysis. Methods include institutional and content analysis, comparative assessment, and case studies of digital platforms. The integrated application of these methods provided a comprehensive understanding of the role of digital strategic planning and management (DSPM) in the development of public administration in Russia.

Results: digital strategic planning and management is considered a key element of the modern model of public administration in Russia, ensuring the integration of digital technologies into the processes of making strategic and operational decisions. Its structure and implementation via platforms such as Gosuslugi, GosTech, and the Unified National Security Information System are examined. Comparative analysis highlights the flexibility and precision of digital approaches. Development priorities for DSPM are proposed to support sustainable and technologically sovereign models of public administration in Russia. The category of a single digital ecosystem of strategic planning and management is proposed as a set of integrated solutions that unite government agencies, digital platforms and citizens within the framework of the institutional and structural model of public administration in modern Russia.

Conclusions and Relevance: DSPM is a key mechanism for modernizing public administration and shaping a sustainable model of Russian statehood by integrating AI, big data, and digital twins into strategic planning. It enables a shift toward flexible and data-driven decision-making. Effective implementation requires addressing technological dependence, regulatory barriers, and staff shortages. The findings support the institutionalization of DSPM and the development of a unified digital planning ecosystem.  

Purpose: to develop a methodology for the comprehensive assessment of the Russian oil well stock to identify promising areas for their conversion to geothermal energy sources.

Methods: the study employed methods of normalization and aggregation of indicators, the index method, the ranking method (within the framework of the integral dynamic indicator), Spearman’s rank correlation method, as well as rating construction and grouping techniques. This comprehensive approach ensures the objectivity of the obtained results.

Results: based on the analysis of oil well reserves condition in Russian regions, territories with the highest potential for converting oil wells into geothermal energy sources were identified. A comprehensive evaluation methodology was developed, incorporating integral indicators of well conditions and oil production dynamics. Priority regions were identified, characterized by a high proportion of wells under conservation, high reservoir water saturation, and declining productivity. These priority areas include the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District. The study determined the factors most significantly influencing the implementation of projects aimed at converting oil wells into geothermal sources such as technical characteristics of wells and availability of investment resources.

Conclusions and Relevance: according to the analysis conducted using the developed methodology, the North Caucasus Federal District was identified as a priority territory for pilot projects aimed at converting oil wells into geothermal energy sources. Its high degree of oil resource depletion and the abundance of mothballed wells create optimal conditions for technology testing. The implementation of such projects will reduce decommissioning costs, generate additional revenue from green energy, and contribute to carbon footprint reduction. Key barriers remain: limited access to technical and economic data (due to commercial confidentiality) and the need for significant investment.  

Purpose: to develop a methodological framework for selecting the optimal technology for building cross-border payment infrastructure based on the criterion of decentralization of key financial system actors.

Methods: structural analysis of objects, a systems approach, a service approach, a method of structural-matrix analysis of concepts, a research method from general to specific, a comparative analysis method.

Results: payment institutions and infrastructure are classified as the main factors influencing the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of cross-border payments. Such characteristics can be improved by forming a cross-border payment infrastructure based on distributed ledger technology, which allows for more equal relations between its users. The features of a cross-border payment infrastructure based on distributed ledger technology include mechanisms for forming, using, maintaining identity and protecting processes, objects and data, which provide it with the required functionality. A comparative analysis with centralized data processing systems shows the advantages of using distributed ledger technology to form a cross-border payment infrastructure. The signs of a payment's cross-border nature are determined by splitting the payment into fragments and identifying pairs of payment subjects located in different jurisdictions. It has been established that a number of cross-border payment subjects may be located outside the payment space and, under certain circumstances, fail to perform their functionality. Numerical indicators of the level of a cross-border payment dependence on the actions of entities outside the payment space are proposed. A model of a decentralized cross-border payment infrastructure is constructed, containing one structural level and an integrated payment token.

Conclusions and Relevance: the proposed model can serve as a methodological foundation for the practical implementation of the task of developing cross-border payment infrastructure that ensures a sufficient level of key actors decentralization, meets the needs of economic agents in conducting cross-border payments, and possesses long-term development potential.  

Purpose: evaluation of economic reasonability of quantum transformation of the information security function using the example of energy sector facilities.

Methods: the paper uses the author's model for assessing the economic efficiency of quantum transformation of the information security function, based on approaches to analyzing the probability of risks associated with the creation of a quantum computer, as well as to assessing the investments required to implement innovative solutions in the field of quantum communications. The calculation was carried out on the example of PJSC RusHydro; data on the company were collected from open sources and annual reports.

Results: the model for assessing the economic efficiency of quantum transformation of the information security function was tested. The Mosca’s Theorem was improved in the field of forecasting the timing of quantum transformation, taking into account the factor of economic efficiency of investment projects. Recommendations for implementing quantum key distribution equipment and post-quantum algorithms in the long term were developed.

Conclusions and Relevance: the proposed original model allows assessing the economic efficiency of implementing quantum communications technologies, and the updated Mosca’s Theorem allows determining the economically justified timeframes for quantum transformation. The study showed that quantum communications may be of greatest interest to companies that own key critical information infrastructure facilities that provide high revenue figures. The higher the decentralization of infrastructure facilities is and the lower the risk of financial losses due to downtime is, the less economically efficient the projects for implementing quantum communications are. Thus, to protect multiple intelligent substations within the Smart Grid, it is recommended to use post-quantum mathematical algorithms that do not require significant capital investments. The results obtained may be of practical use for participants in the quantum market in Russia: the regulator, research centers, commercial developers of solutions, and potential clients.

Purpose: to form a model for assessing the commercialization potential of innovative university projects as a tool for improving technology transfer.

Methods: based on traditional methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of correlation and regression analysis were applied to identify the success factors of projects. Machine learning methods and the random forest method were used to form a model for evaluating the potential of projects.

Results: the approaches to assessing the potential of project commercialization are analyzed and a proprietary approach is proposed taking into account the specifics of university innovation projects at an early stage of development that are in search of financing. An integrated assessment of the commercialization potential based on 22 parameters from 5 integrated assessment blocks (commercial readiness, technical readiness, expertise, compliance with regulatory standards, resources) was tested on 16 innovative projects of ITMO University. Correlation analysis revealed the factors influencing the success of an innovative project in obtaining financing or sales: the expertise of the team (0.72) and the level of commercial readiness of the project (0.59). A direct weak relationship was revealed by the technical readiness factor of the project (0.37) which indicates the importance of the team's qualifications and the presence of a market demand (explicit or implicit) and reflects the specifics of financing early-stage projects, which often do not have a ready-made prototype. Using machine learning and the random forest method, a predictive regression model for assessing the potential of commercialization was built and tested which confirmed its applicability in investment readiness assessment.

Conclusions and Relevance: the research results can be used to create an automated tool for making investment decisions and managing innovative projects of technology transfer centers and university accelerators in order to increase the level of project readiness and the effectiveness of university technology transfer.

Purpose: to assess the potential for developing and strengthening trade and economic cooperation between Tatarstan, the Samara region, and the provinces of the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River in China, which are part of the Volga-Yangtze project.

Methods: the study applies methods developed by the authors for analyzing the structure and complementarity of trade flows. To evaluate the degree of economic compatibility, a complementarity index was calculated. The level of import dependency was examined using a modified Balassa index. The export potential of Tatarstan and Samara region was assessed through the comparison of bilateral commodity flows between Russian and Chinese regions.

Results: the potential of trade and economic cooperation between Tatarstan and the Samara region is revealed, and the convergence of commodity flows between the regions of the two countries is shown. The regions of China with a high degree of import dependence on Russian goods have been identified, as well as key commodity groups with high potential for developing non-primary exports, including chemical products, mechanical engineering and metallurgy. Quantitative estimates of potential export volumes are presented, which contributes to the expansion of opportunities for deepening economic and trade cooperation between the Republic of Tatarstan, the Samara region and the provinces of the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River in China.

Сonclusions and Relevance: the linkage of commodity flows between Russian and Chinese regions forms the basis for realizing export potential. Despite the relatively low share of non-commodity exports in Russia’s overall trade turnover, Chinese regions demonstrate substantial demand for high value-added products, opening avenues for increasing exports from Tatarstan and Samara region. The complementarity index confirmed a high level of economic interdependence among Tatarstan, Samara region, and the Chinese regions involved in the Volga-Yangtze project, particularly in the sectors of chemical industry, machinery manufacturing, and metallurgy. To fully realize the cooperation potential, it is necessary to eliminate logistical and administrative barriers and to actively utilize digital platforms for promoting Russian products in the Chinese market.  

Purpose: to identify the advantages of reflecting information on sukuk transactions in financial reports according to AAOIFI standards from the point of view of the analytical capabilities of such information for the best integration of Islamic finance into the legal field of Russia.

Methods: using such general economic methods as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison and contrast, logical and systemic approaches, the article examines the financial reports of a number of Islamic financial organizations, compiled according to both AAOIFI and IFRS standards, namely: Al Baraka Banking Group, Dubai Islamic Bank, Kuwait Finance House, Bank Al Jazira.

Results: based on the results of the conducted research, the article highlights the main advantages of reflecting information on sukuk transactions in financial reports according to AAOIFI standards in terms of the analytical capabilities of such information, namely: deep detailing of the sukuk structure, fair value of assets, methods of income distribution, comprehensive risk analysis and management, compliance with the principles and rules of Sharia, and a high level of transparency.

Conclusions and Relevance: The analytical information on sukuk transactions disclosed in the AAOIFI reporting standards provides much more detailed and specialized indicators compared to IFRS, as they take into account the unique nature of Islamic financial instruments. This allows analysts to conduct in-depth analysis and make informed decisions. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the substantiation of the analytical capabilities of the information on sukuk transactions presented according to AAOIFI standards in financial reports. The results of the study can be used by Russian partnership financing organizations when forming information on sukuk transactions.

Purpose: to formulate recommendations for digital development of small and medium-sized businesses based on their clustering by the level of information and telecommunications equipment.

Methods: the key research tool used was the algorithm for clustering small and medium-sized businesses developed by the authors, which allows not only determining the current level of their information and telecommunications equipment, but also formulating recommendations for their further development. To calculate the information and telecommunications equipment index, statistical analysis methods were used: quantile, correlation analysis using the Pearson method to identify relationships, as well as graphical methods of data visualization. To verify the reliability of the results, a comparative analysis was used based on official Rosstat data, and correlation coefficients were calculated between the sample indicators and the general population.

Results: during the research, an original algorithm for clustering small and medium-sized businesses according to the level of information and telecommunications equipment was developed. A comprehensive analysis of the revenue structure and dynamics of demand for information and telecommunications services among small and medium-sized enterprises was conducted. Particular attention was paid to the industry specifics of these services implementation, which made it possible to identify significant differences between economic sectors and to cluster small and medium-sized businesses based on comprehensive indicators of growth rates and the degree of prevalence of services in various industries. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of a system of practical recommendations for implementing information and telecommunications services, taking into account industry specifics and the development level of various clusters infrastructure.

Сonclusions and Relevance: clustering of small and medium-sized enterprises by the level of information and telecommunications equipment makes it possible to take a segmented approach to the development of business sectors in Russia. The results obtained in the article can be used by the scientific community, business, as well as by the government to develop programmes to support small and medium-sized businesses.  

Purpose: to develop an approach to identifying and assessing the best corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices aimed at improving the social and environmental performance of enterprises and having a positive impact on the financial results and risks of companies.

Methods: the authors conducted a regression analysis to identify key CSR indicators affecting a company's financial results, and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to analyze the comparative effectiveness of CSR practices and identify the most successful practices in terms of the balance between key CSR indicators and financial results.

Results: an algorithm for identifying the best CSR practices was proposed. In particular, according to the GRI standard, ESG factors of the oil and gas sector were selected provided that they had been included in reports from 2012 to 2023; profit was chosen as an endogenous indicator; the presence of a relationship between the profit indicator and the selected ESG factors was assessed using correlation and regression analysis; based on the modelling results, the factors that are most closely functionally related to the result were selected and used as input variables for the DEA; the DEA method was used to select companies with the most effective CSR practices; a comparative analysis was conducted to identify the best practices of CSR and recommendations were suggested for oil and gas companies CSR practices development.

Conclusions and Relevance: as a result of the research, an approach was developed to identify successful CSR practices taking into account their relationship with the financial results of companies using the example of the oil and gas sector. The developed algorithm can also be used for companies in other industries, provided that these companies implement CSR and provide non-financial reporting. The assessment of CSR practices efficiency is supplemented by an in-depth analysis of specific CSR activities of benchmark companies.