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MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research)

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Vol 12, No 2 (2021)
View or download the full issue PDF (Russian)
https://doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2021.12.2

MODERNIZATION

100-113 829
Abstract

Purpose is to study the essential basis of the concept of sustainable development as a new component of corporate social responsibility.
Methods: the research is based on a systematic approach to the understanding of corporate social responsibility. The analysis of the state and trends of sustainable development was carried out using the retrospective method, comparative and economic-statistical analysis, as well as the method of data visualization, which allowed us to form a holistic view of the essence and receptivity of Russian business to the ideas of sustainable development.
Results: the article substantiates the importance of socially responsible business practices in terms of the concept of corporate social responsibility. Today, it is considered as an umbrella concept, the central place in which is given to sustainable development. A historical retrospective of the formation of the term "sustainable development" is carried out. The content of ESG factors used to assess the contribution of companies to achieving the triune outcome of sustainable development is revealed. The identified indicators of commitment of board members to sustainable development issues allowed us to state that most companies are taking measures to integrate sustainable development issues into the overall strategy of companies and issue non-financial statements. This has which generally positively affects the interest of the investment community in such companies. The special requirements for the content of non-financial reports are described, and the priority of the sustainable Development Goals for Russian companies is analyzed. The author draws a conclusion about the reasons for the weak involvement of Russian business in the selection and achievement of sustainable development goals and suggests solutions to promote the concept of sustainable development in the Russian business community.
Conclusions and Relevance: the close attention paid to the sustainable development agenda by the world community and business proves the relevance of solving a whole range of environmental and social problems. The integration of sustainable development issues into the overall strategy of companies, covering an increasing number of companies, allows for strategic initiatives in the ideology of sustainable development with a tendency to expand the planning horizon. Taking into account the increased attention of the investment community to business projects based on the principles of sustainable development, the management of companies realized the need to issue non-financial statements with the inclusion of data that meet special requirements for the disclosure of ESG topics. In addition, the company's requirements for transparency of companies' activities and for their accountability on the results of their impact on the environmental and social situation are supplemented by new requirements in the field of disclosure of the quality of corporate governance. In these circumstances, the role of the top management of companies in promoting the ideology of sustainable development is undeniable. At the same time, the majority of Russian companies do not yet demonstrate a sufficient understanding of the connection of global environmental and social problems with their business, which is clearly reflected in the choice of sustainable development goals.

114-127 523
Abstract

The implementation of investment projects in Russia is associated with a lot of different problems caused by non-financial factors. The high degree of uncertainty of the investment situation, the lack of awareness and subjectivity of the decision-makers on the investment choice, the unreasonableness of the selection criteria, as well as the difficulties in the interaction of actors are due to the lack of systematic mechanisms for managing the investment process in the Russian economy as a whole. Together, they form a fairly voluminous complex of related problems. The article is devoted to the study of these problems and ways to solve them. It focuses on the mutual influence of the organization of interaction between participants in the investment process and investment choice procedures.
Purpose: to develop proposals for the formation of mechanisms for interaction between stakeholders to ensure a systematic justification of the investment choice.
Methods: in the preparation of this article, the methodology of applied system analysis and modeling is implemented, decision-making methods are used, including the Analytical Hierarchy Process.
Results: the importance of the pre-investment stage of the investment process as the stage that generates most of the problems of stakeholders is argued. The approach to building system mechanisms of interaction of participants of the investment process at the pre-investment stage is justified. The schemes of such interaction and procedures for making investment decisions are proposed within the framework of the constructed modified model of multi-criteria investment choice. The formation of systemic mechanisms of interaction between participants in the investment process is carried out based on the need for a systematic justification of the multi-criteria choice of an investment project, taking into account the interests of all interested parties. The proposed methodology was developed through the development and modification of the Analytical Hierarchy Process by T. Saati and is aimed at improving the organization of the investment process and the implementation of investment choice based on generalized criteria of satisfaction, efficiency and effectiveness.
Сonclusions and Relevance: the formation of system mechanisms of interaction of participants in the investment process at the pre-investment stage was carried out by developing a set of procedures that accompany the process of justifying a multi-criteria investment choice to achieve satisfaction, efficiency and effectiveness of the activities of all actors. The formation of system mechanisms of interaction of participants in the investment process allows to coordinate their interests, opportunities and limitations of the participants' activities, as well as to give the investment process purposefulness and manageability.

INNOVATION

128-144 475
Abstract

Purpose: of the study is to determine the possibilities of borrowing the Chinese experience of strategic planning of innovative development in Russia.
Methods: the study of the innovative experience of the PRC in strategic planning and the prospects for Chinese-Russian cooperation in this area was carried out using a content analysis of the features of strategic planning of the scientific, technological and innovative potential of the PRC and the Russian Federation, as well as analysis of statistical data on innovative and economic development presented in statistical collections of Russia and the PRC.
Results: it is shown that the systems of strategic planning of Russia and the PRC are in many respects similar. Many of the strategic initiatives of the PRC are adopted in Russia. At the same time, the attitude to strategic planning in the two countries is different. In Russia in the field of strategic management of science, it is recommended to strengthen international scientific and technical cooperation between Russia and the PRC in the difficult conditions of the modern world.
Conclusions and Relevance: taking into account global trends, it is proposed to introduce such innovations into the strategic planning of the scientific and innovative sphere of Russia. First, there is a clearer linking of the tasks of innovative development to the general tasks of the country (long-term national and sectoral development goals). Also, a detailed substantiation of the possibility of implementing the selected priorities. Finally, greater clarity of the planned ones. mechanisms for ensuring partnership between the state and business in achieving strategic objectives of scientific and innovative development.
The principles and approaches of the China to strategic planning of development in general and innovative development in particular in Russia should be used carefully and creatively. From an economic point of view, it would be expedient to integrate research more closely, create large joint projects and plan them together in a mutually respectful dialogue between scientists and experts from Russia and China.

145-159 717
Abstract

Purpose: of the article is a parametric comparison of the features of the development of the regions of China and Russia for the possibility of using the Chinese experience in managing innovative development.
Methods: comparison of the innovative potential of Russia and the PRC, as well as the possibilities of using the Chinese experience in the management of scientific, technical and innovative development in Russia was carried out using linear regression analysis and comparison of its indicators. Analysis and comparison were carried out using statistical data on innovative and economic development in statistical collections of Russia and China.
Results: the article discusses the possibilities of using Chinese management experience in the development of the spheres of science, technology and higher education for the innovative and economic development of Russian regions. To a large extent, the experience of the PRC is already actively used in Russian state practice, while, in the context of Russia's economic difficulties in recent decades, it does not always work successfully. The work shows that the regions of the PRC are rapidly increasing their innovative activity in recent years, which contributes to the rapid growth of the well-being of their population. The number of regions-innovative and economic leaders is growing. Among all regions of Russia, only Moscow in level of innovational activity and GRP corresponds to the leading regions of China. The paper also shows that changes in the indicators of innovation activity of Russian regions have a relatively weak effect on their economic development.
Conclusions and Relevance: it is recommended to carefully study the experience of the Chinese regions-innovation leaders and the Chinese innovation policy in general for application in Russia, as well as the development of Russian-Chinese innovation and scientific and technological cooperation.

RESEARCH

160-181 721
Abstract

Purpose: to try to delineate the boundaries and formulate the characteristic features and signs of a "new normalcy", which, already taking shape today in the course of the ongoing development of the coronavirus pandemic, will in the long term be a determining factor for the further economic, political and social development of modern civilization.
Methods: consists in a complex research paradigm, which includes the principles of systemic, theoretical-cognitive, institutional, instrumental and interdisciplinary approaches, mediated by the accepted in social science ideas about the relationship and interaction of subjective and objective factors in social processes with relative independence of the subject.
Results: the general direction of the development of civilization will be the preservation, in the foreseeable future, of the requirements of social distancing and restrictions on cross-border mobility. Remote forms of work, low-contact manufacturing and the formation of Industry 4.0 will come to the fore in the economy. In society, there will be a need to revise modern social values, in the direction of the transition from the degree of satisfaction of individual and personal needs to the availability of such satisfaction as the main value. The central issue of post-image politics will be the question of whether the pandemic will bring about an anti-democratic rollback and an evolving authoritarianization of power, or, on the contrary, will become an impetus for the positive development of democracy, an increase in the role of civil society and the political participation of citizens.
Conclusions and Relevance: with regard to the economy, society and politics, it is stated that, on the one hand, they will experience unprecedented transformational pressures under the influence of the ongoing pandemic crisis, but at the same time, they will face a choice – to maintain crisis stagnation hoping to “just survive” or perceive the crisis as source of new opportunities for development and progress.

182-196 714
Abstract

Purpose: this study measures gender segregation by occupations and wage inequality based on overall segregation, vertical segregation, and horizontal segregation in terms of labour supply, namely differences in wages, hours of work, age, level of education, and mobility (rural and urban) in South Sumatra Province in 2019.
Methods: the data used in this study are secondary data sourced from the 2019 South Sumatra Province Labour Force Survey (SAK19.AK) which is limited to individuals aged 15 to 64 who are currently working, namely as many as 10,429 individuals, of whom 6,873 men and 3,556 women. Classification of the main occupations using quantitative analysis techniques, namely measuring segregation is based on the overall, vertical and horizontal dimensions based on the Gini coefficient, Somer D Statistic, and Pythagorean Theorem.
Results: (1) Women are more segregated based on the main occupations, especially jobs with high social stratification and wage groups. (2) Women have more advantages in workplaces with low social stratification and higher education categories. (3) There is no wage inequality based on the main occupations, education, age, and mobility.
Conclusions and Relevance: the results of the study prove that there is high segregation based on wage groups and educational composition. Women emphasize increasing education because based on vertical segregation, women with higher education level advantage more and they occupy jobs that are equal to men based on wage stratification.



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ISSN 2079-4665 (Print)
ISSN 2411-796X (Online)