Methodology for assessing digital maturity gaps in industrial enterprises

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to develop a methodology for assessing the digital maturity gaps of industrial enterprises in order to adapt to the digital environment, to take advantage of digital technologies to improve operations and increase competitiveness.
Methods: the authors applied general scientific methods (method of synthesis, generalization, content analysis, graphical interpretation of data). In assessing the levels of digital maturity gaps, correlated with the levels of digital maturity, the scaling method was used.
Results: the global metamorphoses actualizing the problem of achieving digital maturity by industrial enterprises are described. The concepts of maturity, digital maturity, and digital maturity gaps of industrial enterprises in different sources are investigated. Digital maturity gaps are shown from two perspectives: as the difference between the current and target maturity levels of industrial enterprises; as the gap between awareness and implementation of Industry X.0 solutions in industrial enterprises. The landscape of digital maturity assessment methodologies at different levels is systematized: federal, regional and grassroots level of the economy. The problem and research gap of digital maturity assessment is identified, which is the lack of methodologies for assessing digital gaps. The author proposed a methodology for assessing the digital maturity gaps of industrial enterprises, which includes fourteen stages. The methodology was tested using data from twenty industrial enterprises that are leaders in digitalization in 2021. Visualization of digital maturity indicators and digital maturity gaps was carried out.
Сonclusions and Relevance: as a result of testing the methodology for assessing the digital maturity gaps of industrial enterprises, it is concluded that the current state of development of the national industrial ecosystem is characterized by significant heterogeneity in the development of individual industries, unequal development of markets and enterprises. In order to successfully complete the digital transformation and increase the level of digital maturity to the maximum, it is recommended that industrial enterprises integrate digital platform solutions and digital behaviors based on the concept of digital strategizing into their operating model.

1. Held D. et al. The global transformations reader. Cambridge, Polity Press. 2000. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264549083_The_Global_Transformations_Reader (In Eng.)

2. Fukuda K. Science, technology and innovation ecosystem transformation toward society 5.0. International journal of production economics. 2020; 220:107460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.07.033 (In Eng.)

3. García-Reyes H., Avilés-González J., Avilés-Sacoto S.V. A Model to Become a Supply Chain 4.0 Based on a Digital Maturity Perspective. Procedia Computer Science. 2022; 200:1058–1067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.01.305 (In Eng.)

4. Schaeffer E. Industry X.0: Realizing digital value in industrial sectors. Kogan Page Publishers, 2017. URL: https:// www.m-vg.de/mediafiles/Leseprobe/9783868816549.pdf (accessed: 13.09.2022) (In Eng.)

5. Maddikunta P.K.R. et al. Industry 5.0: A survey on enabling technologies and potential applications. Journal of Industrial Information Integration. 2022; 26:100257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2021.100257 (In Eng.)

6. Chan K.T. Emergence of the “Digitalized Self” in the Age of Digitalization. Computers in Human Behavior Reports. 2022; 6:100191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2022.100191 (In Eng.)

7. Gibson S., Hsu M.K., Zhou X. Convenience stores in the digital age: A focus on the customer experience and revisit intentions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. 2022; 68:103014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103014 (In Eng.)

8. Borovkov A.I. Rozhdestvensky O.I., Kukushkin K.V., Pavlova E.I., Tarshin A.Yu. Roadmap for the development of cross-cutting digital technology "New Manufacturing Technologies": findings and prospects. Innovations. 2019; (11(253)):89–104. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/sxvhqw. https://doi.org/10.26310/2071-3010.2019.253.11.011 (In Russ.)

9. Gökalp E., Martinez V. Digital transformation capability maturity model enabling the assessment of industrial manufacturers. Computers in Industry. 2021; 132:103522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2021.103522 (In Eng.)

10. Yılmaz K.Ö. Mind the Gap: It's About Digital Maturity, Not Technology. In: T. Esakki (Eds.), Managerial Issues in Digital Transformation of Global Modern Corporations. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, 2021. P. 222–243. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2402-2.ch015 (In Eng.)

11. Schumacher A., Erol S., Sihn W. A maturity model for assessing Industry 4.0 readiness and maturity of manufacturing enterprises. Procedia CIRP. 2016; 52:161–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.07.040 (In Eng.)

12. Kljajić Borštnar M., Pucihar A. Multi-attribute assessment of digital maturity of SMEs. Electronics. 2021; 10(8):885. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080885 (In Eng.)

13. Polyanska A. et al. Digital Maturity of the Enterprise as an Assessment of its Ability to Function in Industry 4.0. In: Advances in Manufacturing III. MANUFACTURING 2022. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Cham, 2022. P. 209–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99310-8_17 (In Eng.)

14. Grishchenko N. The gap not only closes: Resistance and reverse shifts in the digital divide in Russia. Telecommunications Policy. 2020; 44(8):102004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2020.102004 (In Eng.)

15. Popov E.V., Simonova V.L., Cherepanov V.V. Digital maturity levels of an industrial enterprise. Journal of new economy. 2021; 22(2):88–109. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/guaorr. https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-2-5 (In Russ.)

16. Steinlechner M. et al. A maturity model to assess digital employee competencies in industrial enterprises. Procedia CIRP. 2021; 104:1185–1190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.199 (In Eng.)

17. Sundberg L., Gidlund K.L., Olsson L. Towards industry 4.0? Digital maturity of the manufacturing industry in a Swedish region. In: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2019. P. 731–735. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM44572.2019.8978681 (In Eng.)

18. Braga Tadeu H.F. et al. Digital transformation: Digital maturity applied to study Brazilian perspective for industry 4.0. In: Best Practices in Manufacturing Processes. Springer, Cham, 2019. P. 3–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99190-0_1 (In Eng.)

19. Faheem M., Butt R.A. Big datasets of optical-wireless cyber-physical systems for optimizing manufacturing services in the internet of things-enabled industry 4.0. Data in Brief. 2022; 42:108026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2022.108026 (In Eng.)

20. Nasiri M., Saunila M., Ukko J. Digital orientation, digital maturity, and digital intensity: determinants of financial success in digital transformation settings. International Journal of Operations & Production Management. 2022; 42(13):274–298. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-09-2021-0616 (In Eng.)

21. Burger M., Kessler M., Arlinghaus J. Aiming for Industry 4.0 Maturity? The risk of higher digitalization levels in buyer-supplier relationships. Procedia CIRP. 2021; 104:1529–1534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.258 (In Eng.)

22. Amelin S.V., Shchetinina I.V. Production Organization in Conditions of Digital Economy. Organizer of Production. 2018; 26(4):7–18. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ypoknf. https://doi.org/10.25987/VSTU.2018.50.18.001 (In Russ.)

23. Turovets O.G., Rodionova V.N., Kablashova I.V. Ensuring the quality of the organization of production processes in the conditions of digital production management. Organizer of Production. 2018; 26(4):65–76. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ypokot. https://doi.org/10.25987/VSTU.2018.92.21.006 (In Russ.)

24. Polyanin A.V., Golovina T.A. The concept of innovation management of industrial systems based on digital twin technology. St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University Journal. Economics. 2021; 14(5):7–23. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/iggqdz. https://doi.org/10.18721/JE.14501 (In Russ.)

25. Zhuravlev D.M., Glukhov V.V. Strategizing of Economic Systems digital transformation: a Driver on Innovative Development. St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University Journal. Economics. 2021; 14(2):7–21. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ecuawv. https://doi.org/10.18721/JE.14201 (In Eng.)

26. Morton J., Amrollahi A., Wilson A.D. Digital strategizing: An assessing review, definition, and research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems. 2022; 31(2):101720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2022.101720 (In Eng.)

27. Volberda H. W. et al. Strategizing in a digital world: Overcoming cognitive barriers, reconfiguring routines and introducing new organizational forms. Long Range Planning. 2021; 54(5):102110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2021.102110 (In Eng.)

28. Antonopoulou K., Begkos C. Strategizing for digital innovations: Value propositions for transcending market boundaries. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2020; 156:120042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120042 (In Eng.)