Influence of Cyclical Patterns on Innovation and Transformation Processes in the Economy

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to present and develop a cyclic approach in the theory of innovation. This section of economic theory is based on the understanding of the innovation process as a dynamic system that develops (depending on the type of innovation) within the medium or long-term cycle. The cyclic approach has an insufficiently studied subject of research. In theoretical and practical aspects, this approach is very poorly developed, despite its prospects for this method. The application of the cyclic approach in the practical sphere will increase the effectiveness of activities planning in the field of the state innovation policy, as well as increase the efficiency of the state resources using.

Methods: a set of methods of theoretical research is used, including: logical, system and abstract methods, as well as specific scientific (special) research methods. Based on the study of a wide range of scientific literature, as well as statistical and factual information on innovative issues, models (modeling method) were drawn up, which were graphically fixed in the figures illustrating the main provisions of the article.

Results: this article develops the cyclic approach to the innovations study, proposed in the works of foreign and domestic scientists. The article describes and presents a scientific method of innovative processes management, called "triad of innovative and transformative activity". The article also contains a brief overview of the cyclic method development in the works of domestic and foreign researchers, giving a general idea of the elaboration degree of the scientific question.

Conclusions and Relevance: the analysis of the main theories and concepts in the field of innovation, gives reason to argue that scientific views on the implementation of the innovation process contain a serious omission. It consists in the fact that it does not take into account the influence of cyclical conditions of various medium-term cycle phases or long-term cycle stages. In practice, this leads to asynchronous processes that prevent the effective innovation activities.

1. Schumpeter J.A. Business Cycles: A Theoretical, Historical and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process. 2 Vols. N.Y.-Tor.-L.: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1939. 461 p. (In Eng.)

2. Kondratyev N.D. Large Cycles of Market Conditions. In: Voprosy konyunktury = Issues of Conjuncture. Vol. 1. Issue. 1. Moscow: Fin ancial publishing house NKF USSR, 1925. Р. 28–79 (In Russ.)

3. Kondratyev N.D. World Economy and its Conjunctures during and after the War. Vologda: Regional department of state publishing house, 1922. 258 p. (In Russ.)

4. Spiethoff A. Crises. In: Handbook of Political Science. Vol. 6. Ed. 4. Jena: Рublished by G. Fischer, 1925. Р. 8–91 (In Germ)

5. Freeman Ch. Technical Innovation, Diffusion, and Long Cycles of Economic Development. In: The Long-Wave Debate / Ed. by T. Vasko. Berlin: Springer, 1987. P. 295–309 (In Eng.)

6. Freeman C., Clark J., Soete L. Unemployment and Technical Innovation: A Study of Long Waves and Economic Development. London: Frances Pinter, 1982 (In Eng.)

7. Forrester J.W. Innovation and the Economic Long Wave. Cambridge, MA: MIT (MIT System Dynamics Group working paper), 1978. 382 p. (In Eng.)

8. Forrester J.W. Economic Conditions Ahead: Understanding the Kondratieff Wave. Futurist. 1985; (19/3):16–20 (In Eng.)

9. Forrester J.W. The Kondratieff Cycle and Changing Economic Conditions. Cambridge, MA: MIT (MIT System Dynamics Group working paper), 1981. 377 p. (In Eng.)

10. Mensch G. The technological stalemate: innovations overcome Depression.. Frankfurt am Main: Review, 1975. 115 р. (In Germ.)

11. Kleinknecht A. Innovation Patterns in Crisis and Prosperity. Schumpeter’s Long Cycle Reconsidered. London: Macmillan Press, 1987. 235 c. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18559-7 (In Eng.)

12. Kleinknecht A. Observations on the Shumpterian Swarming of Innovations. Futures. 1981; 13(4):293– 307 (In Eng.)

13. Klenknecht A. Schumpeterian Waves of Innovation? Summarizing the evidence. In: Life Cycles and Long Wave / eds. T. Vasco, R. Aures, L. Fontvielle. London: Springer-Verlag, 1990. P. 41–55 (In Eng.)

14. Van Duijn J. The Long Wave in Economic Life. London: Allen & Unwin, 1983. 239 p. (In Eng.)

15. Perez С. Technological Revolutions and Financial Capital: The Dynamics of bubbles and Golden Ages. Cheltenham: Elgar, 2002. 481 p. (In Eng.)

16. Glazyev S.Yu. Theory of Long-Term Technical and Economic Development. Monograph. Moscow: Vladar, 1993. 310 p. (In Russ.)

17. Long waves: Scientific and Technical Progress and Socio-Economic Development / S.Yu. Glazyev, G.I. Mikerin, P N. Teslya et al. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1991. 224 p. (In Russ.)

18. Hirooka M. Innovation Dynamism and Economic Growth. A Nonlinear Perspective. Cheltenham, UK – Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2006. 448 p. https://doi.org/10.14441/eier.4.207 (In Eng.)

19. Akaev A.A. Modern financial and economic crisis in the theory of innovative and technological development of the economy and management of innovation process. In: System monitoring: Global and regional development / eds. D.A. Khalturina, A.V. Korotaev. Moscow: Librokom, 2010. P. 230– 258 (In Russ.)

20. Yakovets Yu.V. Epochal Innovations of the 21st Century. Moscow: Economy, 2004. 437 p. (In Russ.)

21. Yakovets Yu.V. Global Economic Transformations of the XXI Century. Moscow: Economy, 2011. 382 p. (In Russ.)

22. Grinin L.E. Verbal Model of Kondratev Waves and Cyclical Dynamics in 2010–2020. In: Modeling and Forecasting of Global, Regional and National Development. Rev. eds. A.A. Akaev, A.V. Korotaev, G.G. Malinetsky, S.Yu. Malkov. Mosgow: Librokom, 2012. P. 125–154 (In Russ.)

23. Grinin L.E., Korotayev A.V. Global Crisis in Retrospect: from Lycurgus to Alan Greenspan / ed. S.Yu. Malkov. Moscow: Librokom, 2010. 336 p. (In Russ.)

24. Glazyev S.Yu. Modern theory of long waves in the development of the economy. Ekonomicheskaya nauka sovremennoy Rossii = Economic science of modern Russia. 2012; 2(57):27–42 (In Russ.)

25. Ivanova N.I. Innovative Sphere. In: World Economy: Global Trends for 100 Years / ed. by I.S. Korolev. Moscow: Jurist, 2003. Р. 207–231 (In Russ.)

26. Inozemtsev V.L. On the history of the post-industrial economic system (1973–2000). Svobodnaya mysl' XXI = Free Thought XXI. 1999; (7):3–27 (In Russ.)

27. Perez C. Technological Revolutions and Financial Capital. Cheltenham; Northampton: Edward Elgar, 2002. (In Eng.)

28. Akaev A.A. Russia on the Way to Managing Economic Growth. Ekonomicheskaya politika = Economic policy. 2006; (4):149–165 (In Russ.)

29. Reinert E.S. How Rich Countries Got Rich and Why Poor Countries Stay Poor. London: Constable and Robinson, 2007. 320 p. (In Eng.)