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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mir</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">МИР (Модернизация. Инновации. Развитие)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-4665</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-796X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>School of Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18184/2079-4665.2026.17.3.524-538</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">vycput</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mir-2313</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАЗВИТИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Миграционные потоки муниципальных образований Уральского федерального округа: факторы формирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Migration flows of municipalities of the Ural Federal District: Factors of formation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8676-5298</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саломатова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salomatova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саломатова Анна Андреевна, младший научный сотрудник Лаборатории моделирования пространственного развития территорий Института экономики Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</p><p>Екатеринбург</p><p>Researcher ID: AAC-8061-2019</p><p>Scopus ID: 59334094200</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Salomatova, Junior Research Fellow of the Laboratory for Spatial Development Modelling, Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p><p>Yekaterinburg</p><p>Researcher ID: AAC-8061-2019</p><p>Scopus ID: 59334094200</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">salomatova.aa@uiec.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экономики Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>524</fpage><lpage>538</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саломатова А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саломатова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Salomatova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/view/2313">https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/view/2313</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить факторы формирования миграционных потоков муниципальных образований Уральского федерального округа в контексте социальной трансформации территорий.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Расчеты выполнены по базе муниципальной статистики Росстата за 2012–2024 гг.; в панель включены 198 муниципальных образований УрФО. Использованы показатели инвестиционной активности, занятости, заработной платы, социальной, коммунальной, транспортной и экологической инфраструктуры. Для учета инерции и межмуниципальных связей применена динамическая пространственная авторегрессионная модель. Для выбора итоговой спецификации сопоставлены четыре матрицы пространственных весов: линейных расстояний, нормированных линейных расстояний, смежных границ и нормированных смежных границ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты работы</title><p>Результаты работы. Расчеты выявили инерцию миграционного прироста и положительный пространственный лаг: миграционные потоки одного муниципального образования связаны с положением близких и функционально сопряженных территорий. Положительные коэффициенты получены для инвестиций в основной капитал, среднемесячной заработной платы и протяженности местных автомобильных дорог. Отрицательные оценки для среднесписочной численности работников и числа мест в дошкольных организациях интерпретируются как проявление муниципальной неоднородности: высокая занятость в отдельных секторах экономики и свободные объекты социальной инфраструктуры не способны привлечь население без наличия рабочих мест, доходов, транспортной связанности и перспектив развития.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Миграционные потоки фиксируют, где концентрируется трудовой потенциал, как меняется нагрузка на инфраструктуру и какие территории становятся более привлекательными для населения. Поэтому они могут использоваться как индикатор социальной трансформации муниципальных образований. Это подтверждает гипотезу исследования: миграционные потоки в УрФО зависят от внутренних условий муниципалитета и от ранее сложившейся динамики, соседства с другими территориями, инвестиций, заработной платы и дорожной связанности. Практический результат исследования состоит в том, что миграционную, инвестиционную, транспортную и социальную политику целесообразно проектировать для групп связанных муниципалитетов, а не как набор разрозненных мер для отдельных территорий.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to assess the factors shaping migration flows in municipalities of the Ural Federal District, Russia, in the context of territorial social transformation. Methods: the empirical panel is based on Rosstat municipal statistics for 2012–2024 and includes 198 municipalities of the Ural Federal District. The variables describe investment activity, employment, wages, social and utility infrastructure, transport connectivity and environmental conditions. A dynamic spatial autoregressive model is used to account persistence and intermunicipal dependence. To select the final specification, four spatial weight matrices were compared: linear distances, normalized linear distances, adjacent boundaries, and normalized adjacent boundaries.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the model indicates persistence in migration growth and a positive spatial lag, meaning that local migration flows are linked to nearby and functionally connected municipalities. Fixed capital investment, average wages and the length of local public roads have positive coefficients. Negative estimates for average employee headcount and the number of places in preschool institutions are interpreted as evidence of municipal heterogeneity: high employment concentration in certain economic sectors and spare capacity in the social infrastructure are not capable of generating population inflow unless accompanied by quality jobs, adequate incomes, transport connectivity, and development prospects.</p><p>Conclusions and Relevance: migration flows reflect labour potential, infrastructure pressure and territorial attractiveness, and can therefore indicate municipal social transformation. The results support the hypothesis that migration flows in the Ural Federal District depend on local conditions, previous migration patterns, proximity, investment, wages and road connectivity. Practically that means that policy measures should target groups of connected municipalities rather than isolated territories.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миграционные потоки</kwd><kwd>социальная трансформация</kwd><kwd>муниципальные образования</kwd><kwd>Уральский федеральный  округ</kwd><kwd>пространственная авторегрессионная модель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>migration flows</kwd><kwd>social transformation</kwd><kwd>municipalities</kwd><kwd>Ural Federal District</kwd><kwd>spatial autoregressive model</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скородумова О.Б., Табасаранский Р.С. Миграция как фактор трансформации современного общества // Манускрипт. 2021. Т. 14. № 6. С. 1180–1184. 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