mirМИР (Модернизация. Инновации. Развитие)MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research)2079-46652411-796XSchool of Public Administration10.18184/2079-4665.2026.17.2.270-286mir-2190Research ArticleИННОВАЦИИINNOVATIONОценка влияния патентной активности нефтегазовых компаний на экономические показатели в условиях импортозамещенияAssessment of patent activity impact on the financial performance of oil and gas companies under import substitution conditionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-3695ДаудиД. И.DaudiD. I.

Дауди Дауддин Ильясович, аспирант факультета технологического менеджмента и инноваций

Researcher ID: AAV-6375-2021

Scopus ID: 57224734546

Санкт-Петербург

Dauddin I. Daudi, Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Technological Management and Innovation

Researcher ID: AAV-6375-2021

Scopus ID: 57224734546

Saint Petersburg

daud.99@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2836-1281СилаковаЛ. В.SilakovaL. V.

Силакова Любовь Владимировна, кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент факультета технологического менеджмента и инноваций Университета ИТМО

Researcher ID: E-4800-2014

Scopus ID: 57221666368

Санкт-Петербург

Liubov V. Silakova, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Faculty of Technological Management and Innovation

Researcher ID: E-4800-2014

Scopus ID: 57221666368

Saint Petersburg

silakovalv@itmo.ruНациональный исследовательский университет ИТМОРоссияITMO UniversityRussian Federation202601062026172270–286Copyright © Дауди Д.И., Силакова Л.В., 20262026Дауди Д.И., Силакова Л.В.Daudi D.I., Silakova L.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/view/2190

Цель представленной статьи – оценить влияние патентной активности на финансовые показатели (EBITDA и ROA) нефтегазовых компаний в условиях политики импортозамещения в контексте концепции открытых инноваций.

Методы

Методы. Сравнительный, корреляционный и регрессионный анализ с временными лагами данных 8-ми ведущих вертикально-интегрированных нефтегазовых компаний – 4-х российских (Газпром, Лукойл, Роснефть, Татнефть) и 4-х международных (BP, Chevron, ExxonMobil, Shell) – за период 2015–2023 гг. Для оценки влияния импортозамещения на операционную прибыль российских компаний использованы модели с переменными взаимодействия.

Результаты работы

Результаты работы. Универсальной положительной связи между патентной активностью и последующим ростом EBITDA и ROA (с лагом в 3 года) не обнаружено. Выявлены существенные различия в эффективности инновационных стратегий между компаниями. Корреляция оказалась сильно положительной у Татнефти и ExxonMobil, отрицательной – у Лукойла и Газпрома. Это отражает разные подходы – от формального патентования и выполнения институциональных требований до целенаправленного создания коммерциализуемых технологических активов. Регрессионный анализ с переменной взаимодействия позволил выявить тенденцию к ослаблению положительного влияния патентов на операционную прибыль у российских компаний по сравнению с международными в условиях политики импортозамещения.

Выводы

Выводы. Политика импортозамещения стимулировала количественный рост патентования, но ослабила его положительное влияние на операционную эффективность российских компаний. Это указывает на сдвиг к более «закрытой» инновационной модели, где рост патентов часто носит формальный характер и не обеспечивает ожидаемой финансовой отдачи в среднесрочной перспективе. Исследование подтверждает, что критическое значение для финансового результата имеют качество патентов, эффективность их коммерциализации и глубина интеграции в бизнес-процессы, а не объем патентного портфеля.

Purpose

Purpose: to assess the impact of patent activity on the financial performance (EBITDA and ROA) of oil and gas companies in the context of import substitution policy in the framework of the open innovation concept.

Methods

Methods: comparative, correlation and regression analysis with time lags of data from eight leading vertically integrated oil and gas companies – 4 Russian (PJSC Gazprom, Lukoil, Rosneft, Tatneft) and 4 international (BP, ExxonMobil, Chevron, Shell) for the period 2015– 2023. To assess the impact of import substitution on the operating profit of Russian companies, models with interaction variables were used.

Results

Results: universal positive relationship between patent activity and subsequent growth in EBITDA and ROA (with a 3-year lag) was not identified. Significant differences in the effectiveness of innovation strategies between companies were revealed. The correlation turned out to be strongly positive for Tatneft and ExxonMobil, and negative for Lukoil and Gazprom. This reflects different approaches, from formal patenting and meeting institutional requirements to the targeted creation of commercialized technological assets. Regression analysis with the interaction variable revealed a tendency to weaken the positive impact of patents on operating profits of Russian companies compared with international ones in the context of import substitution policy.

Conclusions and Relevance: the import substitution policy stimulated the quantitative growth of patenting, but weakened its positive impact on the operational efficiency of Russian companies. This indicates a shift towards a more "closed" innovation model, where patent growth is often formal and does not provide the expected financial returns in the medium term. The study confirms that the quality of patents, the effectiveness of their commercialization, and the depth of integration into business processes are critical to financial results, rather than the volume of the patent portfolio.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.