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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mir</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">МИР (Модернизация. Инновации. Развитие)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-4665</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-796X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>School of Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18184/2079-4665.2025.16.3.470-487</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mir-1991</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИННОВАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INNOVATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трансграничная платежная инфраструктура на основе технологий распределенного и централизованного реестров</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cross-border payment infrastructure based on distributed and centralized ledger technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-6492</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акулинкин</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akulinkin</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акулинкин Станислав Сергеевич, кандидат экономических наук; научный сотрудник Института финансовых исследований</p><p>Researcher ID: JTW-3958-2023</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav S. Akulinkin, Candidate of Economic Sciences; Research Fellow at the Institute for Financial Research</p><p>Researcher ID: JTW-3958-2023</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akulinkin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>470</fpage><lpage>487</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акулинкин С.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акулинкин С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akulinkin S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/view/1991">https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/view/1991</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Создать методическую основу выбора оптимальной технологии для формирования трансграничной платежной инфраструктуры по критерию децентрализации ключевых субъектов финансовой системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Структурный анализ объектов, системный подход, сервисный подход, метод структурно-матричного анализа понятий, метод исследования от общего к частному, метод сравнительного анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты работы</title><p>Результаты работы. Платежные институты и инфраструктура отнесены к основным факторам влияния на качественные и количественные характеристики трансграничных платежей. Улучшение таких характеристик можно осуществить путем формирования трансграничной платежной инфраструктуры на основе технологии распределенного реестра, позволяющей внедрить более равноправные отношения между ее пользователями. К особенностям трансграничной платежной инфраструктуры на основе технологии распределенного реестра относятся механизмы формирования, использования, поддержания тождественности и защиты процессов, объектов и данных, обеспечивающие ей требуемый функционал. В результате сравнительного анализа с системами централизованной обработки данных, показаны преимущества использования технологии распределенного реестра для формирования трансграничной платежной инфраструктуры. Определены признаки трансграничности платежа через разбиение платежа на фрагменты и выделение пар субъектов платежа, находящихся в разных юрисдикциях. Установлено, что ряд субъектов трансграничного платежа может находиться вне платежного пространства и при определенных обстоятельствах не выполнять свой функционал. Предложены числовые показатели уровня зависимости трансграничного платежа от действий субъектов, находящихся вне платежного пространства. Построена модель децентрализованной трансграничной платежной инфраструктуры, содержащая один структурный уровень и интегрированный платежный токен.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Предложенная модель может быть использована в качестве методического фундамента для практической реализации задачи формирования трансграничной платежной инфраструктуры, обладающей достаточным уровнем децентрализации ключевых субъектов, отвечающей потребностям экономических агентов в осуществлении трансграничных платежей и имеющей долгосрочные перспективы развития.  </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to develop a methodological framework for selecting the optimal technology for building cross-border payment infrastructure based on the criterion of decentralization of key financial system actors.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: structural analysis of objects, a systems approach, a service approach, a method of structural-matrix analysis of concepts, a research method from general to specific, a comparative analysis method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: payment institutions and infrastructure are classified as the main factors influencing the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of cross-border payments. Such characteristics can be improved by forming a cross-border payment infrastructure based on distributed ledger technology, which allows for more equal relations between its users. The features of a cross-border payment infrastructure based on distributed ledger technology include mechanisms for forming, using, maintaining identity and protecting processes, objects and data, which provide it with the required functionality. A comparative analysis with centralized data processing systems shows the advantages of using distributed ledger technology to form a cross-border payment infrastructure. The signs of a payment's cross-border nature are determined by splitting the payment into fragments and identifying pairs of payment subjects located in different jurisdictions. It has been established that a number of cross-border payment subjects may be located outside the payment space and, under certain circumstances, fail to perform their functionality. Numerical indicators of the level of a cross-border payment dependence on the actions of entities outside the payment space are proposed. A model of a decentralized cross-border payment infrastructure is constructed, containing one structural level and an integrated payment token.</p><p>Conclusions and Relevance: the proposed model can serve as a methodological foundation for the practical implementation of the task of developing cross-border payment infrastructure that ensures a sufficient level of key actors decentralization, meets the needs of economic agents in conducting cross-border payments, and possesses long-term development potential.  </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансграничная платежная инфраструктура</kwd><kwd>распределенный реестр</kwd><kwd>платежное пространство</kwd><kwd>технология централизованного реестра</kwd><kwd>платежный токен</kwd><kwd>децентрализованные финансы</kwd><kwd>признаки трансграничности платежа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cross-border payment infrastructure</kwd><kwd>distributed ledger</kwd><kwd>payment space</kwd><kwd>centralized ledger technology</kwd><kwd>payment token</kwd><kwd>decentralized finance</kwd><kwd>signs of cross-border payment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared based on the results of research carried out at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудакова О.С. 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