mirМИР (Модернизация. Инновации. Развитие)MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research)2079-46652411-796XSchool of Public Administration10.18184/2079-4665.2024.15.2.331-348mir-1690Research ArticleРАЗВИТИЕRESEARCHТранспортная инфраструктура в обеспечении развития регионов и глобальной конкурентоспособности КитаяTransport infrastructure in ensuring regional development and China's global competitivenesshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-9560ХмелеваГ. А.KhmelevaG. A.

Хмелева Галина Анатольевна, доктор экономических  наук, профессор, гл. научный сотрудник центра  изучения стран Азии, Африки и Латинской Америки

Scopus ID: 57205301323

Самара

Galina A. Khmeleva, Doctor of Economic Sciences;  Professor, Chief Research officer of Center for the Study  of Asia, Africa and Latin America

Scopus ID: 57205301323

Samara

galina.a.khmeleva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-7797-058XСкребловН. И.SkreblovN. I.

Скреблов Никита Игоревич, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник центра изучения стран Азии,  Африки и Латинской Америки

Самара

Nikita I. Skreblov, Postgraduate, Research Assistant of Center for the Study of Asia, Africa and Latin America

Samara

morgrain@yandex.ruСамарский государственный экономический университетРоссияSamara State University of EconomicsRussian Federation202415072024152331348Copyright © Хмелева Г.А., Скреблов Н.И., 20242024Хмелева Г.А., Скреблов Н.И.Khmeleva G.A., Skreblov N.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/view/1690

Цель работы – на примере Китая оценить современную роль транспортной инфраструктуры как фактора развития региональной экономики и укрепления конкурентных позиций за пределами страны.Методы. Традиционно используемый для решения задач выявления влияющих факторов корреляционно-регрессионный анализ, примененный к показателям экономики и транспорта по 28-ми регионам Китая за 2021 г., был дополнен анализом данных статистики и тематическим кейс-анализом данных о китайских инвестициях в инфраструктурные проекты транспорта как внутри, так и за рубежом.Результаты работы. На основе анализа динамики основных показателей железнодорожной и портовой инфраструктуры проведена оценка уровня ее развития. Построение модели корреляционно-регрессионного анализа позволило установить влияние фактора транспортной инфраструктуры Китая на валовый региональный продукт провинций. Проведена оценка степени проникновения китайского влияния в другие экономики мира посредством инвестиций в транспортную инфраструктуру. Определены инструменты продвижения инфраструктурных проектов, характеризующие китайскую специфику и позволяющие обеспечить конкурентоспособность страны на глобальном уровне.Выводы. Китай является ярким примером массового строительства портов, железных дорог и автомобильных магистралей, помимо создания непосредственно грузового автотранспорта и сухогрузов для распространения своей продукции. Выявлена высокая значимость транспортной инфраструктуры и количества занятых людей в этой отрасли для роста регионального продукта провинций Китая. Во внешнем контуре КНР активно использует стратегию кредитования других стран с целью строительства инфраструктуры на их территориях. Строительство дорог, аэропортов, морских портов, электростанций и линий передач позволяют создавать инфраструктурные анклавы Китая в развивающихся странах для сбыта своих товаров и вывоза сырья для последующей переработки. Заимствование опыта КНР в части механизмов предоставления грантов и кредитов для реализации инфраструктурных проектов позволит России создать на территориях соседних государств разветвленную систему передвижения национальных товаров на рынки, где они наиболее востребованы.

Purpose: is to evaluate the modern role of transport infrastructure as the factor in the development of the regional economy and strengthening competitive positions outside the country using the example of China.Methods: the correlation-regression analysis, traditionally used to solve the task of the identifying influencing factors, was applied to the economic and transportation indicators across 28 Chinese regions for the year 2021. It was supplemented by the analysis of statistical data and the thematic case study of data on Chinese investments into the transport infrastructure projects both domestically, and abroad.Results: the assessment of infrastructure development of the railway and port infrastructure was carried out based on the analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators. The construction of a correlation and regression analysis model made it possible to form an idea of the impact of China's transport infrastructure on the gross regional product of the provinces. The degree of penetration of Chinese influence into other economies of the world through investments in transport infrastructure has been assessed. The tools for promoting infrastructure projects have been identified that characterize Chinese specifics and make it possible to ensure the country's competitiveness at the global level.Conclusions and Relevance: China is the striking example of the widespread construction of ports, railways, and highways, in addition to the creation of direct freight vehicles and dry cargo ships for the distribution of their products. The high importance of transport infrastructure and the number of employed people in this industry for the growth of the regional product of the provinces of China has been revealed. In the external circuit, the PRC is actively using the strategy of lending to other countries for the construction of infrastructure on their territories. The construction of roads, airports, seaports, power plants and transmission lines allow China to create infrastructure enclaves in developing countries to market its goods and export raw materials for subsequent processing. Borrowing the experience of the PRC in terms of mechanisms for granting grants and loans for the implementation of infrastructure projects will allow Russia to create an extensive system of movement of national goods to markets where they are most in demand in the territories of neighboring states.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.