mirМИР (Модернизация. Инновации. Развитие)MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research)2079-46652411-796XSchool of Public Administration10.18184/2079-4665.2023.14.2.262-276mir-1453Research ArticleРАЗВИТИЕRESEARCHФакторы географической концентрации туристической индустрии: опыт Северо-Восточного КавказаFactors of geographical concentration in the tourism industry: evidence from Northeast Caucasus Daniil A. Sitkevich 1, Andrei S. Korotkovhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-1747СиткевичД. А.SitkevichD. A.

Даниил Андреевич Ситкевич - кандидат  экономических наук; научный сотрудник

Москва

Researcher ID: AAD-1028-2019

Scopus Author ID: 57216731300

Daniil A. Sitkevich -  Candidate of Economic Sciences, Researcher

Moscow

ResearcherID: AAD-1028-2019

Scopus Author ID: 57216731300

dasitkevich@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-808XКоротковА. С.KorotkovA. S.

Андрей Сергеевич Коротков - магистрант  Экономического факультета

Москва

Researcher ID: HTR-7756-2023

Andrei S. Korotkov - Master's student, Faculty of Economics

Moscow

Researcher ID: HTR-7756-2023

korotkov.andrey@geogr.msu.ruРоссийская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской ФедерацииРоссияRussian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)Russian FederationМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202306072023142262276Copyright © Ситкевич Д.А., Коротков А.С., 20232023Ситкевич Д.А., Коротков А.С.Sitkevich D.A., Korotkov A.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/view/1453

Цель статьи – исследование факторов, влияющих на географическую концентрацию предприятий индустрии гостеприимства в республиках Северо-Восточного Кавказа (Ингушетии, Чечне и Дагестане), то есть в регионах, которые многие годы были объектом активной кластерной политики в сфере туризма, где за последние три года произошел значительный прирост числа отдыхающих.Методы. Исследование основано на гибридной методологии: используются картографические данные о распространении объектов размещения и коллективного питания на Северо-Восточном Кавказе, а также результаты 29-ти полуструктурированных глубинных интервью с представителями индустрии гостеприимства Дагестана.Результаты работы. Случившийся после 2020 г. туристический бум на Северном Кавказе происходит вне созданных особых экономических зон. Туристические предприятия концентрируются в тех муниципалитетах, где кластерная политика государством не проводилась. Кроме обилия базовых туристических ресурсов (море, горы, природные и культурные достопримечательности), формирование индустрии гостеприимства именно в этих местах оказалось связано с их транспортной доступностью, агломерационным эффектом, желанием предпринимателей возить туристов в родные села, различиями в предпринимательской культуре между жителями разных муниципалитетов, а также сложившимися предпочтениями самих туристов. Исследование показало, что, при соответствующих природных условиях для создания горнолыжных и пляжных курортов, усилий федеральных властей по созданию туристических кластеров оказалось недостаточно. Относительно успешные примеры в регионе связаны либо с исторически сложившимся туристическим центром, либо с предпринятыми региональными властями дополнительными усилиями.Выводы. Недостаточно активная инфраструктурная политика в регионах тормозит развитие туризма не только внутри особых экономических зон, но и за их пределами. Переход от создания новых крупных курортов к поддержке уже существующего бизнеса мог бы дать куда большую отдачу при развитии туристического сектора и модернизации экономики Северного Кавказа.

Purpose: is to study the factors influencing the geographical concentration of hospitality industry enterprises in the republics of the Northeast Caucasus (Ingushetia, Chechnya and Dagestan) – regions that have been the object of an active tourism cluster policy for many years, and which have seen a significant increase in the number of vacationers over the past three years.Methods: the study is based on a hybrid methodology. It uses cartographic data on the prevalence of resolution and collective dining facilities in the Northeastern Caucasus, as well as the results of 29 semi-structured in-depth interviews with representatives of the hospitality industry in Dagestan.Results: the tourist boom that occurred after 2020 in the North Caucasus is not taking place in the special economic zones that have been created. Tourist enterprises are concentrated in those municipalities where the state has not pursued a cluster policy. In addition to the abundance of basic tourist resources (sea, mountains, natural and cultural attractions), the formation of the hospitality industry in these locations has been associated with their transport accessibility, agglomeration effect, the desire of entrepreneurs to take tourists to their native villages, differences in business culture between residents of different municipalities, and the established preferences of tourists themselves. The study also showed that, despite the suitable natural conditions for the creation of ski and beach resorts, the efforts of federal authorities to create tourist clusters were insufficient. The relatively successful cases in the region are associated either with the historically established tourist center, or with the additional efforts of regional authorities.Conclusions and Relevance: insufficient infrastructure policy in the regions hinders the development of tourism not only within special economic zones, but also outside them. Reorientation from the creation of new large resorts to support existing businesses could give a much greater impact on the development of the tourism sector and the modernization of the North Caucasus economy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.