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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mir</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">МИР (Модернизация. Инновации. Развитие)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-4665</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-796X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>School of Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18184/2079-4665.2022.13.2.270-287</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mir-1254</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАЗВИТИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Глобальный дефицит полупроводниковых компонентов как источник современного кризиса мировой  автомобильной промышленности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The global shortage of semiconductor components as a source of the current crisis in the global automotive industry</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3298-1638</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербаков</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щербаков Геннадий Анатольевич - профессор кафедры «Системный анализ в экономике», доктор экономических наук.</p><p>125993, Москва, Ленинградский проспект, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennady A. Shcherbakov - Professor of the Department "System analysis in Economics", Doctor of Economic Sciences.</p><p>49, Leningradsky Prospekt, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.shcherbakov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>270</fpage><lpage>287</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щербаков Г.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щербаков Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shcherbakov G.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/view/1254">https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/view/1254</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель настоящей статьи состоит в выявлении причин возникновения отраслевого кризиса автомобильной промышленности в 2020–2022 годах, повлекшего остановку конвейерных линий крупнейших автомобилестроительных компаний по всему миру, на основе исследования степени зависимости автомобильной индустрии от микроэлектронных компонентов.</p><p>Методы или методология проведения работы. При выполнении работы использовался комплекс методов научного исследования, в частности, метод системного анализа, а также концептуально-методологический и логический методы.</p><sec><title>Результаты работы</title><p>Результаты работы. В период пандемии вируса COVID-19 мировая автомобильная промышленность столкнулась с двумя непредвиденными шоками, практически парализовавшими производственный выпуск. Первый из них был связан с глубоким падением спроса на автомобильную продукцию, второй – с полным исчерпанием производственных мощностей полупроводниковой промышленности для выпуска критически необходимых для производства автомобилей микросхем. Оба события, непосредственно связанные с изменением потребительского поведения в период пандемии, спровоцировали тяжелый отраслевой кризис, в котором автомобильная индустрия находится до настоящего времени. Возникший дефицит проявил хрупкость существующих логистических цепочек и ненадежность практики «немедленного производства» в чрезвычайных экономических условиях.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Кризис автомобильной промышленности 2020–2022 годов протекал в два этапа и был спровоцирован двумя, взаимоисключающими с точки зрения экономической теории, причинами: падением спроса («классический» кризис перепроизводства), на первом этапе, и хроническим (продолжающимся в течение длительного времени) дефицитом микроэлектронных комплектующих для автомобильного производства (явление, не укладывающееся в рамки устоявшегося понимания функционирования механизмов рыночного хозяйства) – на втором этапе кризиса.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: of this article is to identify the causes of the automotive industry crisis in 2020–2022, which led to the shutdown of the conveyor lines of the largest automotive companies around the world, based on the study of the degree of dependence of the automotive industry on microelectronic components.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: in preparing the work, a complex of scientific research methods was used, in particular, the method of system analysis, as well as conceptual-methodological and logical methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: during the COVID-19 pandemic, the global automotive industry faced two unforeseen shocks that virtually paralyzed production output. The first of them was associated with a deep drop in demand for automotive products. The second – with the complete depletion of the semiconductor industry's production capacity for the release of critical microcircuits necessary for the production of cars. Both events, directly related to the change in consumer behavior during the pandemic, provoked a severe industry crisis, in which the automotive industry has been to this day. The resulting shortage showed the fragility of existing supply chains and the precariousness of the practice of "immediate production" in emergency economic conditions.</p><p>Conclusions and Relevance: the crisis of the automotive industry in 2020–2021 proceeded in two stages and was triggered by two mutually exclusive reasons from the point of view of economic theory. The first stage is a drop in demand, a «classic» crisis of overproduction. The second stage of the crisis is a chronic (continuing for a long time) shortage of microelectronic components for automotive production. It is this phenomenon that does not fit into the framework of a generalized understanding of the functioning of market economy mechanisms.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>системный анализ</kwd><kwd>цифровизация</kwd><kwd>автомобильная промышленность</kwd><kwd>полупроводниковая промышленность</kwd><kwd>микросхемы</kwd><kwd>отраслевой кризис</kwd><kwd>дефицит</kwd><kwd>пандемия COVID-19 конфликт интересов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>systems analysis</kwd><kwd>digitalization</kwd><kwd>automotive industry</kwd><kwd>semiconductor industry</kwd><kwd>microcircuits</kwd><kwd>industry crisis</kwd><kwd>shortage</kwd><kwd>COVID-19 pandemic conflict of interes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лазуткина В.С., Покусаев О.Н., Куприяновский В.П., Синягов С.А. 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